python基础教程之scrapy-redis 分布式哔哩哔哩网站用

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python基础教程之scrapy-redis 分布式哔哩哔哩网站用

scrapy里面，对每次请求的url都有一个指纹，这个指纹就是判断url是否被请求过的。默认是开启指纹即一个URL请求一次。如果我们使用分布式在多台机上面爬取数据，为了让爬虫的数据不重复，我们也需要一个指纹。但是scrapy默认的指纹是保持到本地的。所有我们可以使用redis来保持指纹，并且用redis里面的set集合来判断是否重复。

setting.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for bilibili project

#

# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or

# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:

#

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'bilibili'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['bilibili.spiders']

NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'bilibili.spiders'

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent

#USER_AGENT = 'bilibili (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules

# ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay

# See also autothrottle settings and docs

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1

# The download delay setting will honor only one of:

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16

#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)

#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)

#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:

DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {

  'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

  'Accept-Language': 'en',

}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {

#    'bilibili.middlewares.BilibiliSpiderMiddleware': 543,

#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {

    'bilibili.middlewares.BilibiliDownloaderMiddleware': 543,

    'bilibili.middlewares.randomUserAgentMiddleware':400

}

# Enable or disable extensions

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html

#EXTENSIONS = {

#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,

#}

# Configure item pipelines

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

ITEM_PIPELINES = {

   'bilibili.pipelines.BilibiliPipeline': 300,

    'scrapy_redis.pipelines.RedisPipeline':300

}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html

#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True

# The initial download delay

#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5

# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies

#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60

# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to

# each remote server

#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0

# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:

#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)

# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings

#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True

#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0

#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'

#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []

#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

SCHEDULER = 'scrapy_redis.scheduler.Scheduler'

DUPEFILTER_CLASS = 'scrapy_redis.dupefilter.RFPDupeFilter'

REDIS_URL = 'redis://@127.0.0.1:6379'

SCHEDULER_QUEUE_CLASS = 'scrapy_redis.queue.PriorityQueue'

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