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  • sql语句大全之Partition:Partiton Scheme是否指定Next

在SQL Server中,为Partition Scheme多次指定Next Used,不会出错,最后一次指定的FileGroup是Partition Scheme的Next Used,建议,在执行Partition Split操作之前,都要为Partition Scheme指定Next Used。

但是,SQL Server是否提供metadata,查看Partiton Scheme是否指定Next Used FileGroup?答案是系统视图:sys.destination_data_spaces。如果存在FileGroup被指定为Next Used ,那么视图返回的Partition的个数会比Partition Function划分的分区数量多1个。

一,分析视图:sys.destination_data_spaces

该视图返回三列,表示Partition Scheme的每个Partition和FileGroup之间的关系:

  • partition_scheme_id :ID of the partition-scheme that is partitioning to the data space.                  
  • destination_id :ID (1-based ordinal) of the destination-mapping, unique within the partition scheme.     
  • data_space_id :ID of the data space to which data for this scheme's destination is being mapped.

从表的存储结构来分析这三列的意义:

  • partition_scheme_id 是数据表存储的空间,该空间不是具体的某个FileGroup。普通的表只有一个分区,只能存储在单个FileGroup中,但是,通过Partition Scheme,将表数据分割成多个分区,每个分区存储到指定的FileGroup中,在物理存储上,每个分区都是分开(separate)存储的。
  • destination_id:是Partition Number,每个分区的编号
  • data_space_id:是FileGroupID,分区存储的FileGroup。

二,测试用例

1,创建分区函数

-- create parition function
CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION pf_int_Left (int)
AS 
RANGE LEFT 
FOR VALUES (10,20);

2,创建分区scheme

--create partition scheme
CREATE PARTITION SCHEME PS_int_Left
AS 
PARTITION pf_int_Left
TO ([primary], [primary], [primary]);

3,在split partition之前,必须使用alter partition scheme 指定一个Next Used FileGroup。如果Partiton Scheme没有指定 next used filegroup,那么alter partition function split range command 执行失败,不改变partition scheme。

--split range and add new one boudary value
ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION pf_int_Left ()
split range (30);

Msg 7710, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
Warning: The partition scheme 'PS_int_Left' does not have any next used filegroup. Partition scheme has not been changed.

4,如果检查 Partiton Scheme是否指定Next Used FileGroup?

使用sys.destination_data_spaces视图来检查,该系统视图返回Partition 和filegroup之间的Mapping关系。如果一个FileGoup被alter partition scheme 标记为next used Filegroup,那么Partition 的个数会比多Partition function划分的分区多一个。

复制代码
select ps.name as PartitionSchemeName,
    ps.data_space_id as PartitionSchemeID,
    pf.name as PartitionFunctionName,
    ps.function_id as PartitionFunctionID,
    pf.boundary_value_on_right,
    dds.destination_id as PartitionNumber,
    dds.data_space_id as FileGroupID
from sys.partition_schemes ps
inner join sys.destination_data_spaces dds
    on ps.data_space_id=dds.partition_scheme_id
inner join sys.partition_functions pf
    on ps.function_id=pf.function_id
where ps.name='PS_int_Left'
复制代码

上述脚本返回3个partition,说明没有next used filegroup。

5,使用 alter partition scheme标记 next used filegroup

--alter partition scheme to mark next used filegroup
ALTER PARTITION SCHEME PS_int_Left 
NEXT USED [db_fg1];

查看分区个数

复制代码
select ps.name as PartitionSchemeName,
    ps.data_space_id as PartitionSchemeID,
    pf.name as PartitionFunctionName,
    ps.function_id as PartitionFunctionID,
    pf.boundary_value_on_right,
    dds.destination_id as PartitionNumber,
    dds.data_space_id as FileGroupID
from sys.partition_schemes ps
inner join sys.destination_data_spaces dds
    on ps.data_space_id=dds.partition_scheme_id
inner join sys.partition_functions pf
    on ps.function_id=pf.function_id
where ps.name='PS_int_Left'
复制代码

可以看到,多了一个partition,partition number=4,存放的FileGroupID=2。

6,将 FileGroup 取消标记为 next used filegroup

--alter partition scheme to cancel next used filegroup
ALTER PARTITION SCHEME PS_int_Left 
NEXT USED;

7,Merge Range移除FileGroup

--merge range
ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION pf_int_Left ()
merge range (20);

查看Partition Function指定的Boundary Value

复制代码
select pf.name as PartitionFunctionName,
    pf.function_id,
    pf.type,
    pf.type_desc,
    pf.boundary_value_on_right,
    pf.fanout,
    prv.boundary_id,
    prv.value
from sys.partition_functions pf
inner join sys.partition_range_values prv
    on pf.function_id=prv.function_id
where pf.name='pf_int_Left'
复制代码

绑定到Partition Scheme的Filegroup如下

复制代码
select ps.name as PartitionSchemeName,
    ps.data_space_id as PartitionSchemeID,
    pf.name as PartitionFunctionName,
    ps.function_id as PartitionFunctionID,
    pf.boundary_value_on_right,
    dds.destination_id as PartitionNumber,
    dds.data_space_id as FileGroupID
from sys.partition_schemes ps
inner join sys.destination_data_spaces dds
    on ps.data_space_id=dds.partition_scheme_id
inner join sys.partition_functions pf
    on ps.function_id=pf.function_id
where ps.name='PS_int_Left'
复制代码

参考文档:

How to Remember the Next Used Filegroup in a Partition Scheme

作者悦光阴
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